ABDERA Thrace 336BC Griffin Lion w wings & eagle head Ancient Greek Coin i24952

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Item: i24952 Authentic Ancient Coin of: Greek city of Abdera in Thrace Bronze Chalkous 11mm (0.96 grams) Struck circa 336-311 B.C. Pythadoros, magistrate Reference: C-N 116; SNG Copenhagen 373 Griffin seated left, raising forepaw. Î Î¥Î˜ÎŸÎ”Î©Î¡ÎŸ, Quadripartite square with pellets in quarters. You are bidding on the exact item pictured, provided with a Certificate of Authenticity and Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity. Heraldic guardian griffin at Kasteel de Haar , Netherlands The griffin, griffon, or gryphon (Greek: Î³Ï�Ï�Ï†Ï‰Î½, grÃ½phÅ�n, or Î³Ï�Ï�Ï€Ï‰Î½, grÃ½pÅ�n, early form Î³Ï�Ï�Ïˆ, grÃ½ps; Latin : gryphus) is a legendary creature with the body, tail, and back legs of a lion ; the head and wings of an eagle ; and an eagle’s talons as its front feet. As the lion was traditionally considered the king of the beasts and the eagle was the king of the birds, the griffin was thought to be an especially powerful and majestic creature. The griffin was also thought of as king of the creatures. Griffins are known for guarding treasure and priceless possessions. Adrienne Mayor , a classical folklorist, proposes that the griffin was an ancient misconception derived from the fossilized remains of the Protoceratops found in gold mines in the Altai mountains of Scythia , in present day southeastern Kazakhstan , or in Mongolia .In antiquity it was a symbol of divine power and a guardian of the divine. Some have suggested that the word griffin is cognate with Cherub . The Islamic Pisa Griffin , in the Pisa Cathedral Museum Form While griffins are most common in the art and lore of Ancient Greece , there is evidence of representations of griffins in Ancient Persian and Ancient Egyptian art as far back as 3,300 BC.[5][6] Most statues have bird-like talons, although in some older illustrations griffins have a lion’s forelimbs; they generally have a lion’s hindquarters. Its eagle’s head is conventionally given prominent ears; these are sometimes described as the lion’s ears, but are often elongated (more like a horse ‘s), and are sometimes feathered. The earliest depiction of griffins are the 15th century BC frescoes in the Throne Room of the Bronze Age Palace of Knossos , as restored by Sir Arthur Evans . It continued being a favored decorative theme in Archaic and Classical Greek art. In Central Asia the griffin appears about a thousand years after Bronze Age Crete, in the 5thâ€“4th centuries BC, probably originating from the Achaemenid Persian Empire . The Achaemenids considered the griffin « a protector from evil, witchcraft and secret slander ».[7] The modern generalist calls it the lion-griffin, as for example, Robin Lane Fox , in Alexander the Great, 1973:31 and notes p. 506, who remarks a lion-griffin attacking a stag in a pebble mosaic Dartmouth College expedition at Pella , perhaps as an emblem of the kingdom of Macedon or a personal one of Alexander’s successor Antipater . Achaemenid griffin at Persepolis . The Pisa Griffin is a large bronze sculpture which has been in Pisa in Italy since the Middle Ages, though it is of Islamic origin. It is the largest bronze medieval Islamic sculpture known, at over three feet tall (42.5 inches, or 1.08 m.), and was probably created in the 11th century in Al-Andaluz (Islamic Spain).[8] From about 1100 it was placed on a column on the roof of Pisa Cathedral until replaced by a replica in 1832; the original is now in the Museo dell’ Opera del Duomo (Cathedral Museum), Pisa. Infrequently, a griffin is portrayed without wings, or a wingless eagle-headed lion is identified as a griffin; in 15th-century and later heraldry such a beast may be called an alce or a keythong. In heraldry, a griffin always has forelegs like an eagle’s hindlegs; the beast with forelimbs like a lion’s forelegs was distinguished by perhaps only one English herald of later heraldry as the opinicus. Medieval lore Statue of a griffin at St Mark’s Basilica in Venice . Griffins not only mated for life, but also, if either partner died, then the other would continue throughout the rest of its life alone, never to search for a new mate. The griffin was thus made an emblem of the Church’s views on remarriage [dubious â€“ discuss ]. A Hippogriff is a legendary creature, supposedly the offspring of a griffin and a mare. Being a union of a terrestrial beast and an aerial bird, it was seen in Christendom to be a symbol of Jesus , who was both human and divine. As such it can be found sculpted on some churches.[1] According to Stephen Friar’s New Dictionary of Heraldry, a griffin’s claw was believed to have medicinal properties and one of its feathers could restore sight to the blind .[1] Goblets fashioned from griffin claws (actually antelope horns) and griffin eggs (actually ostrich eggs) were highly prized in medieval European courts.[9] When it emerged as a major seafaring power in the Middle Ages and Renaissance , griffins commenced to be depicted as part of the Republic of Genoa ‘s coat of arms, rearing at the sides of the shield bearing the Cross of St. George . By the 12th century the appearance of the griffin was substantially fixed: « All its bodily members are like a lion’s, but its wings and mask are like an eagle’s. »[10] It is not yet clear if its forelimbs are those of an eagle or of a lion. Although the description implies the latter, the accompanying illustration is ambiguous. It was left to the heralds to clarify that. Heraldic significance A heraldic griffin passant. In heraldry, the griffin’s amalgamation of lion and eagle gains in courage and boldness, and it is always drawn to powerful fierce monsters. It is used to denote strength and military courage and leadership. Griffins are portrayed with rear body of a lion, an eagle’s head, with erect ears, and feathered breast, with forelegs of an eagle, including claws. The combination indicates a combination of intelligence and strength.[11] In British heraldry, a male griffin is shown without wings, its body covered in tufts of formidable spikes, with a short tusk emerging from the forehead, as for a unicorn .[12] The female griffin with wings is more commonly used. In architecture In architectural decoration the griffin is usually represented as a four-footed beast with wings and the head of an eagle with horns , or with the head and beak of an eagle.[citation needed] The statues that mark the entrance to the City of London are sometimes mistaken for griffins, but are in fact (Tudor) dragons, the supporters of the city’s arms .[13] They are most easily distinguished from griffins by their membranous, rather than feathered, wings. In literature Griffins are used widely in Persian poetry ; Rumi is one such poet who writes in reference to griffins.[16] In Dante Alighieri ‘s Divine Comedy , Beatrice meets Dante in Earthly Paradise after his journey through Hell and Purgatory with Virgil have concluded. Beatrice takes off into the Heavens to begin Dante’s journey through paradise on a flying Griffin that moves as fast as lightning. Sir John Mandeville wrote about them in his 14th century book of travels: John Milton , in Paradise Lost II, refers to the legend of the griffin in describing Satan : In The Son of Neptune by Rick Riordan , Percy Jackson , Hazel Levesque , and Frank Zhang are attacked by griffins in Alaska . In the Harry Potter series, the character Albus Dumbledore has a griffin-shaped knocker. Also, the character Godric Gryffindor ‘s surname is a variation on the French griffon d’or (« golden griffon »). Pomponius Mela- » In Europe, constantly falling snow makes those places contiguous with the Riphean Mountains so impassable that, in addition, they prevent those who deliberately travel here from seeing anything. After that comes a region of very rich soil but quite uninhabitable because griffins, a savage and tenacious breed of wild beasts, love- to an amazing degree- the gold that is mined from deep within the earth there, and because they guard it with an amazing hostility to those who set foot there. » (Romer, 1998.) Mandeville- « In this land are many gryffons, more than in other places, and some say they have the body before as an Egle, and behinde as a Lyon, and it is trouth, for they be made so; but the griffen hath a body greater than 8 lyons, and stall worthier than a hundred eagles. For certainly he wyl beare to his nest flying, a horse and a man upon his back, or two oxen yoked together. » (speaking of the land called Bactria) Isidore of Seville- « The Gryphes are so called because they are winged quadrupeds. This kind of wild beast is found in the Hyperborean Mountains. In every part of their body they are lions, and in wings and heads are like eagles, and they are fierce enemies of horses. Moreover they tear men to pieces. » (Brehaut, 1912) [18] Modern uses The red Griffin rampant was the coat of arms of the dukes of Pomerania and survives today as the armorial of West Pomeranian Voivodeship (historically, Farther Pomerania ) in Poland. Similarly, the coat of arms of Greifswald , Germany, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , also shows a red griffin rampant â€” perched in a tree, reflecting a legend about the town’s founding in the 13th Century. Rogue taxidermy griffin, Zoological Museum, Copenhagen Flag of the Utti Jaeger Regiment of the Finnish Army The griffin is the symbol of the Philadelphia Museum of Art ; bronze castings of them perch on each corner of the museum ‘s roof, protecting its collection.[19][20] Similarly, prior to the mid-1990s a griffin formed part of the logo of Midland Bank (now HSBC). The griffin is the logo of United Paper Mills , Vauxhall Motors , and of Scania and its former group partners SAAB-Aircraft and Saab Automobile . The latest fighter produced by the SAAB-Aircraft company bears the name of « Gripen » (Griffin), but as a result of public competition. General Atomics has used the term « Griffin Eye » for its intelligence surveillance platform based on a Hawker Beechcraft King Air 35ER civilian aircraft[21] Griffins, like many other fictional creatures, frequently appear within works under the fantasy genre. Examples of fantasy-oriented franchises that feature griffins include Warhammer Fantasy Battle , Warcraft , Heroes of Might and Magic , Dungeons and Dragons (see Griffon (Dungeons & Dragons) ), Ragnarok Online , Harry Potter , The Spiderwick Chronicles , and The Battle for Wesnoth . In professional sports The Grand Rapids Griffins professional hockey team of the American Hockey League . Amusement parks Busch Gardens Williamsburg ‘s highlight attraction is a dive coaster called « Griffon », which opened in 2007. Use of the word for real animals Some large species of Old World vultures are called griffines, including the Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus). The scientific name for the Andean Condor is Vultur gryphus, Latin for « griffin-vulture ». Origin A theory, postulated primarily by Adrienne Mayor , is that the griffin originated with ancient paleontological observations brought by long-distance traders to Europe along the Silk Road from the Gobi Desert in Mongolia, where white fossils of Protoceratops are naturally exposed against reddish ground. Such fossils, seen by ancient observers, may have been interpreted as evidence of a half-bird-half-beast.[27][28] Over repeated retelling and drawing recopying its bony neck frill (which is rather fragile and may have been frequently broken or entirely weathered away) may become large mammal-type external ears, and its beak may be treated as evidence of part-bird nature and lead to bird-type wings being added. Abdera (Greek: Î†Î²Î´Î·Ï�Î±) was a city-state on the coast of Thrace 17 km east-northeast of the mouth of the Nestos , and almost opposite Thasos . The site now lies in the Xanthi Prefecture of modern Greece . The municipality of Abdera, or Ã�vdira. Its mythical foundation was attributed to Heracles (on behalf of his fallen friend Abderus ), its historical one to a colony from Klazomenai . This historical founding was traditionally dated to 654 BC , which is unverified, although evidence in 7th century BC Greek pottery tends to support it. But its prosperity dates from 544 BC , when the majority of the people of Teos (including the poet Anacreon ) migrated to Abdera to escape the Persian yoke (Herodotus i.168). The chief coin type, a griffon , is identical with that of Teos; the rich silver coinage is noted for the beauty and variety of its reverse types. In 513 BC and 512 BC , the Persians conquered Abdera. In 492 BC , the Persians again conquered Abdera, this time under Darius I . It later became part of the Delian League and fought on the side of Athens in the Peloponnesian war . Abdera was a wealthy city, the third richest in the League, due to its production of corn and status as a prime port for trade with the interior of Thrace and the Odrysian kingdom . A valuable prize, the city was repeatedly sacked: by the Triballi in 376 BC , Philip II of Macedon in 350 BC ; later by Lysimachos of Thrace , the Seleucids , the Ptolemies , and again by the Macedonians. In 170 BC the Roman armies and those of Eumenes II of Pergamon besieged and sacked it. The town seems to have declined in importance after the middle of the 4th century BC . The air of Abdera was proverbial in Athens as causing stupidity, but the city counted among its citizens the philosophers Democritus , Protagoras and Anaxarchus , and historian and philosopher Hecataeus of Abdera . The ruins of the town may still be seen on Cape Balastra; they cover seven small hills, and extend from an eastern to a western harbor; on the southwestern hills are the remains of the medieval settlement of Polystylon. Abdera is a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church in the province of Rhodope on the southern coast of Thrace, now called Bouloustra. Frequently Asked Questions How long until my order is shipped? Depending on the volume of sales, it may take up to 5 business days for shipment of your order after the receipt of payment. How will I know when the order was shipped? After your order has shipped, you will be left positive feedback, and that date should be used as a basis of estimating an arrival date. After you shipped the order, how long will the mail take? USPS First Class mail takes about 3-5 business days to arrive in the U.S., international shipping times cannot be estimated as they vary from country to country. I am not responsible for any USPS delivery delays, especially for an international package. What is a certificate of authenticity and what guarantees do you give that the item is authentic? Each of the items sold here, is provided with a Certificate of Authenticity, and a Lifetime Guarantee of Authenticity, issued by a world-renowned numismatic and antique expert that has identified over 10000 ancient coins and has provided them with the same guarantee. You will be quite happy with what you get with the COA; a professional presentation of the coin, with all of the relevant information and a picture of the coin you saw in the listing. Compared to other certification companies, the certificate of authenticity is a $25-50 value. So buy a coin today and own a piece of history, guaranteed. Is there a money back guarantee? I offer a 30 day unconditional money back guarantee. I stand behind my coins and would be willing to exchange your order for either store credit towards other coins, or refund, minus shipping expenses, within 30 days from the receipt of your order. My goal is to have the returning customers for a lifetime, and I am so sure in my coins, their authenticity, numismatic value and beauty, I can offer such a guarantee. Is there a number I can call you with questions about my order? You can contact me directly via ask seller a question and request my telephone number, or go to my About Me Page to get my contact information only in regards to items purchased on eBay. When should I leave feedback? Once you receive your order, please leave a positive. 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