Touch: The Science of the Hand, Heart, and Mind by David J. Linden (English) Pap

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Touch by David J. Linden The New York Times–bestselling author of The Compass of Pleasure examines how our sense of touch is interconnected with our emotions Dual-function receptors in our skin make mint feel cool and chili peppers hot. Without the brains dedicated centers for emotional touch, an orgasm would feel more like a sneeze—convulsive, but not especially nice. From skin to nerves to brain, the organization of our bodys touch circuits is a complex and often counterintuitive system that affects everything from our social interactions to our general health and development. In Touch, neuroscientist and bestselling author David J. Linden explores this critical interface between our bodies and the outside world, between ourselves and others. Along the way, he answers such questions as: Why do women have more refined detection with their fingertips than men? Is there a biological basis for the use of acupuncture to relieve pain? How do drugs like Ecstasy heighten and motivate sensual touch? Why cant we tickle ourselves? Linking biology and behavioral science, Touch offers an entertaining and enlightening answer to how we feel in every sense of the word. FORMAT Paperback LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Author Biography David J. Linden is a professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. The author of The Accidental Mind (2007) and The Compass of Pleasure (2011), he served for many years as the chief editor of The Journal of Neurophysiology. He lives in Baltimore, Maryland with his two children. Review « [Linden is] an able guide to the world of touch, with a true gift for simplifying the complex. (The illustrations and diagrams throughout the book help, too.) The book is packed with cocktail-party trivia—scientists believe that touch is the first sense to develop in utero; some people with schizophrenia can tickle themselves—and satisfying explanations of everyday tactile experiences. » —Emily Anthes, The Washington Post « With a novelists flair for anecdote, Linden unpacks the science behind touch by revealing how the sense informs and motivates us in everyday situations. » —Bob Grant, The Scientist « A book for the non-expert on the neuroscience of touch is very welcome, and I recommend this one enthusiastically. Its full of facts and explanations, many of which are totally cool and, some, even astonishing . . . . But what endears me to the book is not its clarity and its informativeness. What I love is its openness, and occasional insightfulness, about all the things we dont know. » —Alva Noë, NPR.orgs 13.7: Cosmos & Culture blog « Touch: The Science of Hand, Heart and Mind, is a treasure trove for anyone wanting to decode the frisson of a lovers caress. After all, the skin, says Linden, is a social organ. » —Cat Auer, Playboy « The best science writers infect you with their fascination for the subject—thats exactly what Linden achieves here. » —Christian Jarrett, BBC Focus « This book is about the sense of touch, its by a professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, and its excellent. It will tell you why footballers hug each other when a goal is scored, why they are like vampire bats in this respect, and why some people like being the recipients of anal sex while others dont. David Linden tells us all of this with exactly the right degree of scientific dryness. » —William Leith, The Spectator (UK) « Linden explores touch in depth, from itches to orgasms . . . and it makes for compelling reading. » —Orlando Bird, Financial Times « Being out of touch, the American neuroscientist David J Linden argues in his absorbing book, is not just something that happens to cabinet ministers . . . The human brain contains 500 billion nerve cells and does not give up its secrets lightly. But following Lindens thread is profoundly worth it. » —Oliver Moody, The Times (London) « An engrossing book . . . This book has changed my own life in a small but significant way. My family joke that Im the woman who put the sal into salad as Ive spent my life grazing on uncooked veg. I now gulp down hot soup and feel the better for it. Thank you, David Linden. » —Salley Vickers, The Guardian « David J. Lindens Touch is a charming read that explains the science of touch in easily understandable terms. Anyone who is interested in human interactions and emotional connections will find this book interesting. Just as important, men and women who deal with intimacy disorders – including love and sex addiction—are likely to find this book enlightening from a disease and recovery standpoint. » —Scott Brassart, Addiction.com « The Johns Hopkins neuroscientist leads us on a delightful tour of the science of touch, sharing discoveries that shed new light on this highly under-appreciated sense. » —Jill Suttie, Greater Good « If youre interested in the mechanics of your mind or you want to know why you itch and what you have in common with koalas, read this and you wont be disappointed. Touch: The Science of Hand, Heart, and Mind is a book to get your fingers on. » — Terri Schlichenmeyer, Rockdale Citizen « The book is highly readable and laced with stories that are fascinating, funny and surprising! » —Viviane Crystal, The Best Reviews « Though the author includes a host of entertaining anecdotes, his narrative is consistently backed by solid science. So surpassing does Linden make touch seem that even turning the pages of his book becomes a pleasurable experience. » —Kirkus Reviews « Why does sexual touch feel good? What is the difference between being touched on ones palm or shoulder? Of all the senses, touch is by far the most underrated, according to Johns Hopkins neuroscience professor Linden (The Compass of Pleasure, 2011) . . . .This in-depth, awareness-raising discussion of the effects of touch from head to toe and back again sheds light on a fascinating yet overlooked topic. » —Donna Chavez, Booklist « The sensation of touch, so ubiquitous in how we interact with our world, gets a sensualist pop-biology treatment from Linden (The Compass of Pleasure), a professor of neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine… Though its not exactly a neurobiology primer, Linden sandwiches a surprising amount of anatomical information between the stories of bad hand jobs and children who die young because they cant feel pain. » —Publishers Weekly Review Quote « [Linden is] an able guide to the world of touch, with a true gift for simplifying the complex…. Touch may not have the same glamour as sight or taste, but, Linden argues, its « a crucial form of social glue » and « a central aspect of our human experience. » Touch Excerpt from Book PROLOGUE Malibu, Summer 1975 Were eight teenage campers huddled around a fire ring, late at night. Piled up like puppies, spilling over rocks and stumps and the dusty bare dirt of the Santa Monica mountains, we smell of black sage and acorns and unwashed T-shirts. With no adults in sight and the soft cover of darkness, we give voice to our innermost pubescent thoughts. « Your turn, Sam. » « Okay . . . this is for Caroline. Would you rather give an open-mouth kiss to the camp director or eat a live cockroach? » Our voices rise in a disgusted, delighted Greek chorus, « Eeeeeeeeeeeew! » « Youre so gross, Sam. Im not answering that one. » « But you have to. Those are the rules. » « No way, you pervert. » « Youre so prickly. I didnt mean to hurt your feelings. » « Yeah, right. » « Okay, heres a clean one. Would you rather die of cold in Antarctica or heat in the Sahara Desert? » « Im not allowed to bring a parka to Antarctica? » « No, youre naked. » « Then I choose the desert. I want to go out with a good tan. » Good-natured howling erupts. Caroline raises her arm and shimmies, vamping it up. Sam smiles. « Youre so vain. And . . . Ive gotta go. » Everyone knows that this is bogus. Its obvious that hes crazy about Caroline. « No, you dont, you slippery sonofabitch. Now its my turn. You must give up all of your senses except one. Which do you pick to save? » « Oh, man. Thats rough. Id keep sight. Then, at least I could get around. Uh, no, hearing–I need my music. Shit. I dunno. That would just suck. » « Yeah, it would. » « Im touched by your concern. » « Bite me. » Later, lying in my sleeping bag and mulling over this flirtatious banter, I was puzzled. Flush with hormones, we all hungered for interpersonal touch, for kisses and caresses and more. I was typical of this group, so consumed with the idea of holding and kissing a lovely dark-haired girl named Lorelei that I could barely speak. Touch was central to our obsessions and fantasies, yet none of us ever chose to preserve it when, in the nights that followed, Carolines question about losing one of our senses returned in the « Would you rather . . . ? » game. Did we simply not think the ramifications through? Its certainly true that a bunch of horny sleep-deprived amped-up teenagers sitting around a campfire is not the ideal forum for contemplation. Or was it that we could easily imagine what it would be like to experience the loss of sight or hearing (we had all shut our eyes or plugged our ears), or even of taste or smell, yet none of us had ever actually been able to re-create the sensation of the loss of touch. Perhaps touch was woven so deeply into our sense of self that we could not truly imagine life without it. Years later when I read Lolita , I discovered that Vladimir Nabokov had, as usual, raised this very issue many years before: « It is strange that the tactile sense, which is so infinitely less precious to men than sight, becomes at critical moments our main, if not only, handle to reality. » For Nabokovs Humbert Humbert, touch was so infinitely precious an experience that even the merest tactile contact with his beloved Lolita aroused overwhelming passions. For all of us, the experience of touch is intrinsically emotional, and this is reflected in common expressions in English. Read the dialogue that opens this chapter and notice that phrases like « Im touched by your concern » or « I didnt mean to hurt your feelings » and texture metaphors like « youre so prickly » or « thats rough » or « you slippery sonofabitch » didnt stand out at all. We are completely accustomed to describing a wide range of human emotions, actions, and personalities in terms of our skin senses: « I was touched by her thoughtfulness. » « Its a sticky situation. » « Thats enough of that coarse language. » « That is one hairy problem. » « He rubs me the wrong way. » In everyday speech, the tactile is so entangled with the emotional that when we encounter someone who is emotionally clumsy, we call him tactless : Literally, he lacks touch. This may seem like a silly question, but its not: Why are emotions called feelings and not sightings or smellings ? Do touch metaphors really tell us something about the skin senses and their relationship to human cognition, or are they merely a common usage of present-day English? In fact, the constructions « Im touched » to mean « Im emotionally affected » and « my feelings » to mean « my tender emotions » have been in use in the language since at least the late thirteenth century. And such expressions are not unique to English, or even the Indo-European language group, as they are found in tongues as diverse as Basque and Chinese. People who are blind or deaf from birth will for the most part develop normal bodies and brains (apart from the visual or auditory areas) and can live rich and fruitful lives. But deprive a newborn of social touch, as occurred in grossly understaffed Romanian orphanages in the 1980s and 1990s, and a disaster unfolds: Growth is slowed, compulsive rocking and other self-soothing behaviors emerge, and, if not rectified, emergent disorders of mood, cognition, and self-control can persist through adulthood. Fortunately, even a relatively minor intervention–an hour per day of touch and limb manipulation from a caregiver–can reverse this terrible course if applied early in life. Touch is not optional for human development. We have the longest childhoods of any animal–there is no other creature whose five-year-old offspring cannot live independently. If our long childhoods are not filled with touch, particularly loving, interpersonal touch, the consequences are dramatic. The critical role of touch in early development has not always been appreciated. Child-rearing advice of the 1920s from the psychologist John B. Watson (the founder of the psychological movement called behaviorism) cautioned parents about spoiling their children with physical affection: « Let your behavior always be objective and kindly firm. Never hug and kiss them. Never let them sit on your lap. If you must, kiss them once on the forehead when they say goodnight. Shake hands with them in the morning. Give them a pat on the head if they have made an extraordinarily good job of a difficult task. »1 While most parents today do not restrict contact with their children to an occasional pat on the head, its a different story outside the family. In our zeal to protect kids from sexual predators, we have promoted no-touch policies for teachers, coaches, and other supervisory adults that, while well meaning, have the inadvertent effect of adding to the touch deprivation of our children. As these kids have grown up in a touch-phobic environment and propagated these fears to their own children, our society as a whole has become further impoverished. You may ask, « Okay, I understand that kids are sensitive, but once weve become adults, why does it matter if were touch-deprived? This touchy-feely stuff is for hippies and time wasters. Just squirt out another glob of hand sanitizer (with that deeply satisfying blorp sound) and get back to work. » The answer is that interpersonal touch is a crucial form of social glue. It can bind sexual partners into lasting couples. It reinforces bonds between parents and their children and between siblings. It connects people in the community and in the workplace, fostering emotions of gratitude, sympathy, and trust. People who are gently touched by a server in a restaurant tend to leave larger tips. Doctors who touch their patients are rated as more caring, and their patients have reduced stress-hormone levels and better medical outcomes. Even people with clipboards at the mall are more likely to get you to sign their petitions or take their surveys if they touch your arm lightly. The main point of this book is not merely to argue that touch is good or even that touch is important. Rather, its to explain that the particular organization of our bodys touch circuits, from skin to nerves to brain, is a weird, complex, and often counterintuitive system, and the specifics of its organization powerfully influence our lives. From consumer choice to sexual intercourse, from tool use to chronic pain to the process of healing, the genes, cells, and neural circuits involved in the sense of touch have been crucial to creating our unique human experience. The transcendence of touch resides in the details, and, of course, these have been sculpted over the course of millions of years of evolution. Theyre in the dual-function receptors in our skin that make mint feel cool or chili peppers hot. Theyre in the dedicated nerve fibers in our skin that predispose us to like a soft caress (but only if it moves at the proper speed across the skin). And theyre in the brains specialized centers for emotional touch, without which an orgasm would seem more like a sneeze–convulsive, but not compelling. And lest we begin to think that everythings hardwired and predetermined, these same emotional touch centers are neural crossroads where sensation and expectation collide, allowing for powerful effects of life history, culture, and context. Activity in these brain regions determines whether a given touch will feel emotionally positive or negative, depending upon the context in which it occurs. Imagine a caress from your romantic partner during a sweet, quiet connected time versus one that is administered right after he or she has said something deeply offensive. Similarly, these regions are where the neural signals engaged by the placebo effect, hypnotic suggestion, or Details ISBN0143128442 Author David J. Linden Short Title TOUCH Pages 272 Language English ISBN-10 0143128442 ISBN-13 9780143128441 Media Book Format Paperback DEWEY 612.88 Birth 1961 Affiliation Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Med Year 2016 Publication Date 2016-01-26 Subtitle The Science of the Hand, Heart, and Mind Country of Publication United States AU Release Date 2016-01-26 NZ Release Date 2016-01-26 US Release Date 2016-01-26 UK Release Date 2016-01-26 Illustrations B/W PHOTOS AND ILLUSTRATIONS THROUGHOUT Publisher Penguin Putnam Inc Imprint Penguin USA Audience General We’ve got this At The Nile, if you’re looking for it, we’ve got it. With fast shipping, low prices, friendly service and well over a million items – you’re bound to find what you want, at a price you’ll love! TheNile_Item_ID:97324275;

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